Environmental Education Solved Question Paper 2018 [AHSEC Class 11 Solved Question Paper]

Environmental Education Solved Question Paper 2018

ASHEC Class 11 Solved Question Paper

Full Marks: 40

Time: 2 hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions

In this post we have provided Environmental Education Solved Question Paper 2018 for AHSEC Class 11. Past Exam Question Papers are very important for Annual Examination because maximum questions are repeated in exams.

Environmental Education Solved Question Paper 2018

1. Write very short answer of the following questions: 1×8=8

a) Name a trace gas of the atmosphere.

Ans: Trace gases are those which are exists in small amount in the atmosphere e.g. Methane, Carbon dioxide, ozone etc.

b) Name the important chemical species of stratosphere.

Ans: Major chemical species present in troposphere are O2, N2, CO2 and H2O.

c) What is meant by grazing food chain?

Ans: A grazing food chain is a food chain in which the primary consumers are herbivores that eat plants primarily. The plants eaten by the herbivores, which eaten by other herbivores, and so on.

d) Give an example of contaminant pollutant.

Ans: Contaminant are substances which are not occur in nature but release into environment due to human activity. For example: lead, mercury, arsenic etc.

e) What is global warming?

Ans: Due to different natural as well as anthropogenic activities the concentration of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased during the past several decades. Scientists estimate that the earth’s average temperature has increases by 0.3 – 0.6^0CC since the beginning of the last century. The rise in temperature due to the blanketing effect of increased level of greenhouse gases is termed as global warming.

f) Write the full form of ASDRF.

Ans: ASDRF: Assam State Disaster Response Fund

g) Mention any two informatory road-sign.

Ans: Informatory Signs: These signs guide the road users about destinations, distance, alternative routes, and prominent locations like food joints, public toilets, nearby hospitals, etc.

h) What does it signify if there is a white broken line on a two-way road?

Ans: Broken white lines are used to mark the middle of a two lane highway to separate traffic on both directions. Drivers are supposed to keep left but can cross the broken line for overtaking if situations permit.

2. Answer any five questions of the following: 2×5=10

a) Distinguish between lotic and lentic ecosystem.

Ans: The term lotic ecosystem refers to an ecosystem which includes running water habitats such as rivers, and streams. It time of drought, lotic ecosystem normally dry up and many organisms will die.

The term lentic ecosystem refers to an ecosystem which includes standing waters such as lakes and ponds, or swamps and marshes. During period of droughts, this system will last longer.

b) Mention any four ways of conservation of land resource.

Ans: Ways to conserve land resources:

– Afforestation

– Land reclamation

– Regulated use of chemical pesticide and fertilisers

– Checks on overgrazing

c) What is productive value of biodiversity?

Ans: Many of the forest products are precious hence they are exploited to the maximum. The products which are get from the forests and directly merchandised are called productive value of biodiversity. For example: Elephant tusks used in show pieces.

d) Write about any four probable problem related to earthquake.

Ans: Problems related to earthquake are:

– Ground shaking

– Soil liquefaction

– Landslides

– Fires and tsunamis.

e) What are the major causes of road accident?

Ans. Causes of road accidents:

– Human factors: 85% accidents are caused by human factors such as drunk driving, drowsiness, fatigue, lack of awareness of road signs, violation of rules, distracted driving, pedestrian errors etc.

– Infrastructure: Poor infrastructure such as incorrect road engineering, dilapidated condition of roads etc. also contributes significantly to road accidents.

f) State any four rules to be obeyed while travelling by bus.

Ans: Rules to be obeyed while travelling by bus:

– Take your seat promptly and sit properly.

– Place bags and parcels under your seat or on your lap.

– Always keep your head, hands and arms inside the bus.

– Smoking is not permitted on the bus.

g) What valid documents should be carried by a non-transport (personal) vehicle?

Ans: Documents carried by a personal vehicle:

– Registration Certificate.

– Insurance Certificate.

– Fitness Certificate.

– Up-to-date Road tax receipt or proof thereof.

3. Answer any three question of the following: 4×3=12

a) Discuss the multidisciplinary nature of environmental education.

Ans. Subjects like botany, zoology, biotechnology, bioengineering, microbiology, genetics, biochemistry etc. helps in understanding biotic components and their interactions. The basic knowledge of physics, chemistry mathematics, statistics help in understanding the different phenomena in the environment. Computer science and information technology is a part and parcel of environmental education. Similarly, for control of pollution, environmental engineering is essential.

Other branches of engineering e.g. chemical, civil, mechanical including new innovative technologies have been involved in protecting the environment. Green chemistry finds its distinct and well specific role in protecting the degraded environment. Subjects like sociology, economics,
education, philosophy are involved in a number of ways. Environmental laws are always enacted for the protection of the environment. So environmental education carries the multidisciplinary nature where different aspects are dealt with holistic approach.

b) Discuss the major threats to biodiversity.

Ans: There have been threats of biodiversity from different angles such as:

– Habitat destruction.

– Overgrazing.

– Poaching.

– Natural calamities.

– Climate change and global warming.

– Bio piracy.

c) Give a brief account on water resources of Assam.

Ans: Assam is rich in water resources because it has two river networks such as Brahmaputra and Barak. Due to continuous rain, the availability of water remains the same throughout the year. The large perennial rivers and other water bodies with the rich aquifer speak about vastness of its water resource. Surface water is available in the forms of river, stream, lake, swamps, pond etc.

d) Explain any two man-made sources of air pollution.

Ans: Man-made source of air pollution:

– Factories and power plants which release carbon dioxide.

– Mining activities which releases methane.

e) Mention some measures for energy conservation.

Ans: Measures for energy conservation:

– Switch off lights and electrical appliances when you are not using them.

– Use Energy saving LED light.

– Save electricity and money with solar energy.

– Use natural light in day time.

– Reduce water heating expenses.

– Wash your clothes with cold water if possible.

4. Answer any two questions of the following: 5×2=10

a) What are the problems faced by India owing to the population explosion?

Ans: Problems faced due to high population growth:

– High consumption of surface water causes water shortage.

– Increase in air pollution due to increased number of vehicles and equipments.

– Increase in solid waste causing soil and water pollution.

– High poverty due to limited natural resources.

– Lack of job opportunities.

– Reduction in fertile lands which can be used in agriculture.

b) What adverse effects can solid waste cause to our environment? Suggest some measures to manage solid waste.

Ans: Adverse effects of solid waste:

– Open dumps are malodorous places in which disease carrying vermins such as rats and files proliferate.

– Methane gas is released into the surrounding air due to decomposition of solid wastes by the micro-organisms.

– Hazardous materials dissolved in this liquid contaminate underground water and solid strata.

– The leachate consisting of a variety of chemical constituents’ seeps and pollute the ground water.

– Absence of landfill lingers aggravate the problem furthermore.

c) Write an account on depletion of ozone layer and its remedial measures.

Ans: Depletion of Ozone Layer: Ozone is a pale blue gas, mostly present in the stratosphere which is extended upto 50 km above the surface of the earth. Ozone strongly absorbs a large portion of sun’s ultraviolet radiation and thus protects the living organisms on earth from the harmful effects of UV radiations of the sun.

The main cause of the ozone layer depletion is the stratospheric concentration of man-made pollutants. The major group that stands out are the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) invented in 1930s. These CFCs are widely used in a variety of goods because they are nontoxic, stable, inert, inexpensive, efficient and easy to handle.

d) Give a brief account on Disaster Management initiatives in India.

Ans: Disaster Management: The devastating geophysical disturbances and the sudden changes that occur in and around the earth are generally referred to as disasters. Disasters is divided into two categories:

– Natural Disasters: Natural disasters are earthquakes, floods, cyclones, volcanic eruptions, drought, heavy rains, hailstorms, forest fire, heavy snowfalls, Tsunamis, etc.

– Man-made Disasters: Industrial accidents, air crashes, train accidents, attack by terrorists, ethnic clashes, epidemics and fire related accidents are some of the man-made disasters.

– Various steps has been taken to address disasters in our country. National Disaster Management authority (NDMA), State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) and District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) are various authorities which are established for disaster management. The main functions of these agencies are:

1. Planning.

2. Preparedness.

3. Operation.

4. Coordination.

5. Community participation.

The State of Assam has taken special steps to address disasters under the National Disaster Management Act, 2005. The Guidelines of the Assam State Disaster Management Authority was framed in the year 2010. In order to frame an effective mechanism to deal with disasters, the Assam State Disaster Response Force was created in the year 2010 and recruitment to this organization has been done ever since.Ecosystem [Environmental Studies Notes for BCOM/BA/BSC 2nd SEM CBCS Pattern]